History Of Automated External Defibrillator

About the History of Automated External Defibrillator

Different Types and Uses of a Defibrillator

In the field of medicine, a defibrillator plays a very essential role. When heartbeat becomes dangerously fast and chaotic due to ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia, defibrillators deliver an electrical shock to the heart to restore a normal heart rhythm. Using it helps prevent cardiac arrest and cardiac death from happening. Patients with cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, QT syndrome or survivors of sudden cardiac death require defibrillation.

Defibrillation is the best treatment for life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia. It works by sending a therapeutic jolt of electrical energy to the affected heart through a device called a defibrillator. This treatment depolarizes a critical mass of the heart muscle, stops the arrhythmia, and reestablishes normal sinus rhythm. It restores normal heart rhythms before the affected heart suffers from sudden cardiac arrest.

There are different forms and sizes of defibrillators. Those types you see in a hospital are called manual defibrillators or defibrillator paddles or, and they can only be operated by healthcare professionals. On the other hand, the AED can be used by lay people with only less training, which is handy for emergency purposes where no healthcare professional is around. ICDs or implantable cardio-verter defibrillators are implantable in the patient’s chest.

There are both internal and external manual defibrillators. The clinician diagnoses a cardiac condition through external units that work in conjunction with electrocardiogram readers. After the diagnosis, the clinician then decides on the charge in joules to deliver to the patient’s chest, and sends the shock through pads or paddles. Medical knowledge and experience is needed to perform this treatment, thus they are only generally found in hospitals and some ambulances.

Manual internal defibrillators are just about identical to the external version. The difference is that the charge is delivered through internal leads attached to the heart. The leads are used to detect when the heart is experiencing a rhythm that demands a shock, and to deliver the shock. Generally, you can find these units exclusively in operating rooms, where the chest is likely to be open, or can be quickly opened by a surgeon.

For emergency cases where no healthcare professional is around, AEDs are available. Automated external defibrillators are based on computer technology to study the heart rhythm and advise whether a shock is necessary. Unlike manual types, AEDs can be used by lay persons with less training. PADs or public access defibrillators are AEDs that can be found in public places including airports, hotels, and shopping centers. There are also some AEDs which are held by trained personnel who will attend incidents.

ICDs or implantable cardio-verter defibrillators are another form. Such units are implantable (patient’s chest), and can perform the same function as pacemaking. ICDs regularly check on the patient’s heart rhythm, and if required, also corrects arrhythmia or abnormal heart rhythm based on the device’s programming. The pacemaker can be used together with ICDs for events that involve treating complex arrhythmias.

Those are the different types and uses of a defibrillator. But although they are different in shape and size, all of them have a specific goal. That is to convert an unhealthy cardiac rhythm into a more normal rhythm. And whether, it is used by medical professionals or lay men, external or internal, automatic or manual, it helps lessen incidences of cardiac arrest or cardiac death.

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